Abstract: This paper conducts an in‑depth analysis of the development status and future trends of underwater robots. From a technical perspective, it illustrates the transformations brought by interdisciplinary technologies including artificial intelligence and materials science toward the intelligence and high‑performance of underwater robots. For instance, the manned submersible Fendouzhe has set a new national record for China’s manned deep‑sea diving with cutting‑edge technologies. In terms of application scenarios, it discusses the extensive deployment of underwater robots in marine scientific research, engineering operations, environmental protection and emerging industries. A typical example is the underwater dredging robot adopted by Guangzhou Drainage Company, which addresses long‑standing dredging challenges for drainage infrastructure. By analyzing market size and competitive landscape, this paper demonstrates the rapid growth and diversified competition within the industry. Meanwhile, it addresses existing challenges such as technical bottlenecks, high costs, insufficient regulations and standards, and talent shortages. The study indicates that underwater robots boast promising prospects. Multi‑party collaboration among industry, academia and research institutes is required to make breakthroughs in key technologies and improve relevant regulations and standards, so as to promote the sustained and sound development of the industry.
